TORONTO KIDS COMPUTER CLUB | PMCA Sunday 10:00 Practice -05.23
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PMCA Sunday 10:00 Practice -05.23

26 May PMCA Sunday 10:00 Practice -05.23

Question:
You are in charge of adding cheese topping to a pizza prepared for a special customer. This pizza is a very long rectangular strip. It is divided into N slices, numbered 1 to N from left to right. To add cheese topping to the pizza, you have a special machine that can add 1 unit of cheese on each slice in a consecutive group of slices (for example, you can add 1 unit of cheese on each slice between slice 2 and 4 inclusive, adding a total of 3 units of cheese). Each slice can carry an unlimited amount of cheese.

You plan to run the machine R times, each time adding 1 unit of cheese to each slice in a given range.

The customer is on a diet. When he eats the section of pizza from slice x to slice y, inclusive, he would like to know how many units of cheese he is consuming.

Input Specification
The first line will contain the integer N, the length of your long pizza.

The second line will consist of two space-separated integers x and y, indicating that the customer is planning to eat every slice between slice x and slice y inclusive.

The third line will contain the integer R, the number of times you plan to run the topping machine.

The following R lines will each describe one planned run of the topping machine using 2 space-separated integers, l and r (lr), indicating that the machine will add 1 unit of cheese onto each slice between slices l and r, inclusive.

Output Specification
Please output the total number of units of cheese on all of the slices the customer is planning to eat.

Sample Input
10
3 5
3
2 6
4 5
3 3

Sample Output
6

Explanation of Sample Output
After running the machine three times, the amount of cheese on each slice of pizza is as follows:
Slice #: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Cheese: 0 1 2 2 2 1 0 0 0 0
Therefore, slices 3−5 have a total of 6 units of cheese.
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